Recommendations of Mitigating Damages Caused by River Flooding in Georgia

Abstract

In the recent years, with respect to climate change, in the mountainous river gorges, floods become more frequent and they bear serious hazard and damage as well has casualties. The historical informational and literary sources regarding flooding have been studied. For the water management calculations in order to present the water-related disasters of main rivers of Georgia, the maximum discharge parameters are specified. To mitigate the hazards of floods a complex is proposed, in particular: purification and deepening of river beds, reinforcing and complete construction of river bank protecting edifices, laying spillway canals, terracing of slopes, enlargement of forest cover. The main way of water bodies safety is the forecasting of river runoff, which are necessary for the rational use of water resources, too. With the use of the multifactorial model, we obtained the forecast of floods and flooding in advance and accuracy level. The timely awareness about forthcoming high river runoff will give an opportunity to make respective preventive measures and safe human lives, as well as avoid damages.